Screw material and finish picker

Same size, very different behaviour. Pick by where the screw lives, not by price.

MaterialStrengthCorrosionMagnetic
Stainless A2 (304)Roughly grade 70Very good indoors and in fresh waterMostly non-magnetic
Stainless A4 (316)Roughly grade 70Excellent, handles salt waterMostly non-magnetic
Carbon steel, black oxideGrades 8.8 / 10.9 / 12.9Poor — rusts if it gets wetYes
Zinc-plated steelUsually 4.8 or 8.8Fair indoorsYes
BrassLowGood, will patinaNo
TitaniumHigh for the weightExcellentNo
Nylon / polymerLowImmuneNo

Stainless A2 (304)

The default for anything that might see moisture. Galls if you drive it fast and dry.

Stainless A4 (316)

Boats, coastal installs, pool equipment, anything chlorinated.

Carbon steel, black oxide

What is inside most laptops and machines. The black finish is cosmetic, not real protection.

Zinc-plated steel

Cheap general hardware. Fine in a dry cabinet, not outdoors.

Brass

Used where you need no sparks, no magnetism, or a soft screw that will not damage a housing.

Titanium

Bikes, drones, camera rigs. Expensive and it galls badly without anti-seize.

Nylon / polymer

Electrical isolation and PCB standoffs. Never for anything structural.

Two traps worth knowing

  • Galvanic corrosion: a stainless screw in a bare aluminium part will eat the aluminium in damp conditions. Isolate it or use a matching material.
  • Galling: stainless and titanium can cold-weld to each other when driven fast. Go slow and use a little anti-seize on anything you may need to remove.

Gear for this job

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